Biography of Sher Shah Suri:
Sher Shah Suri, also known as Sher Khan, was a dynamic and influential ruler in medieval Indian history. He played a crucial role in shaping the political landscape of the Indian subcontinent during the 16th century.
Here’s a brief biography of Sher Shah Suri:
Early Life:
Birth: Sher Shah Suri was born in 1486 in Sasaram, Bihar, India.
Family Background: He belonged to a noble Afghan family with connections to the ruling dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate.
Decline of the Mughal Empire
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| Biography of Sher Shah Suri |
Rise to Power:
Service under Babur: Sher Shah initially served in the administration of the Mughal emperor Babur.
Governorship: Due to his administrative abilities, he was appointed the governor of the province of Bihar.
Sher Shah Suri’s Afghan Revolt:
Rebellion Against Humayun: After Babur’s death, Sher Shah seized the opportunity to rebel against Humayun, the son and successor of Babur.
Battle of Chausa (1539): Sher Shah decisively defeated Humayun in the Battle of Chausa, forcing him to flee.
Rule as Emperor:
Coronation: After his victory, Sher Shah assumed the title of Sher Shah and ascended the throne in Delhi in 1540.
Reforms: Sher Shah implemented a series of administrative and economic reforms, including the introduction of an efficient revenue system.
Roads and Infrastructure: He is credited with the construction of the Grand Trunk Road, a major trade and travel route.
Military Reforms: Sher Shah reorganized the military and introduced the use of the dak chowki (postal system) for efficient communication.
Death of Sher Shah Suri:
Battle of Kalinjar (1545): Sher Shah faced challenges from Humayun, who sought to reclaim the throne. Sher Shah, however, emerged victorious in the Battle of Kalinjar.
Death: Sher Shah Suri died in 1545 during the siege of Kalinjar due to an accidental explosion of gunpowder.
Legacy:
Administrative Contributions: Sher Shah’s administrative reforms, including the revenue system and efficient governance, left a lasting impact on the region.
Infrastructure Development: His construction of roads, particularly the Grand Trunk Road, contributed to improved trade and connectivity.
Influence on Later Rulers: Sher Shah’s efficient governance became a model for later rulers, including the Mughals.
Farman of Sher Shah Suri:
Sher Shah Suri issued a farman (edict) emphasizing justice and fairness in governance. The farman outlined principles of governance that focused on the welfare of the common people.
Sher Shah Suri’s reign, though relatively short-lived, had a profound impact on the administrative structure and infrastructure of the Indian subcontinent. His contributions to governance and development are remembered as significant chapters in Indian history.