Swift was born into a middle-class family. His father died before he was born, and his mother left him in the care of relatives while she returned to England. He received his education at Kilkenny Grammar School and later attended Trinity College in Dublin, where he studied from 1682 to 1686. After graduating, he worked as a secretary and tutor.

Swift’s career in politics began when he became the secretary to Sir William Temple, a diplomat. During this time, he met influential literary figures like John Dryden and William Congreve. He entered the Church of Ireland and became ordained as an Anglican clergyman in 1695.

1. “A Tale of a Tub” (1704): A satirical pamphlet that mocks the religious and intellectual excesses of the day.

2. “Journal to Stella” (1710-1713): A series of letters written to Esther Johnson, a woman with whom Swift had a close and possibly romantic relationship.

3. “Gulliver’s Travels” (1726): One of Swift’s most famous works, a novel that satirizes human nature, politics, and the “traveler’s tales” literary subgenre.

In 1713, Swift was appointed the Dean of St. Patrick’s Cathedral in Dublin, a position he held for the rest of his life. During his time as Dean, he became a staunch advocate for Irish causes and wrote several influential essays, including “Drapier’s Letters,” which protested against the imposition of a privately minted copper coinage in Ireland.

Swift’s later years were marked by Meniere’s disease, a condition affecting the inner ear that causes dizziness, ringing in the ears, and hearing loss. He died on October 19, 1745, in Dublin.

Jonathan Swift’s legacy as a satirist and literary giant endures. His works are celebrated for their wit, insight, and incisive criticism of human folly and societal injustices. His contributions to English literature continue to be studied and admired by readers, scholars, and writers around the world.